Original Theoretical Work

Articles

Original theoretical physics by James A. Putnam — examining space and time as independent physical properties.

A Unit of Absolute Universal Time

It is argued that the magnitude previously used as electric charge is a universal constant period of absolute, universal time — the single most unifying item when used in the denominator of rates of change of events.

By James A. Putnam

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Calculating the Universal Gravitational Constant

Newton's universal gravitational constant G is shown to equal the square of the local acceleration of one neutron toward another at a distance of one hydrogen radius — revealing the physical origin of gravity in a unified, dimensionless framework.

By James A. Putnam

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Thermodynamic Entropy

Clausius's thermodynamic entropy is identified as a measure of time — specifically, the time required for heat to be transferred at the rate represented by temperature. Boltzmann's constant, Planck's constant, and temperature each receive physical explanations grounded in the hydrogen atom.

By James A. Putnam

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